Fauna acompañante de pesca industrial polivalente dirigida a camarones rojo (Penaeus brevirostris) y café (Penaeus californiensis) en la costa ecuatoriana
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2018
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio corresponde al análisis de la fauna acompañante producto de la pesca industrial polivalente de camarón rojo (Penaeus brevirostris) y camarón café (Penaeus californiensis) durante el periodo 2015-2016. Se determinaron dos zonas, la primera zona (Z1) desde la provincia de Esmeraldas hasta Manabí y la segunda (Z2) desde Manabí hasta El Oro. Los resultados muestran un total 150 especies, de las cuales 94 fueron capturadas en Z1 y 148 en Z2. El porcentaje de la relación camarón/fauna acompañante en la Z1 fue de 70-30 con respecto a las capturas totales, mientras que en relación al peso su porcentaje fue de 28-72 (Kg); mientras que, en Z2 el porcentaje de captura de fauna acompañante fue mayor con una proporción 53-47 en la captura total y 28-72 en el peso total. La similaridad inter-anual fue baja en la Z1, sin embargo de manera intra-anual, en relación a Z2 fue del 60%, aunque al analizarlas la estacionalidad su similitud fue del 50%. Lo que sugiere una distribución homogénea de especies, pero con variaciones estacionales en términos de abundancia. Los valores tanto de total de individuos capturados como peso mostraron una tendencia similar al comparar ambas zonas entre sí, los valores más altos se presentaron en la Z2; sin embargo, esto puede estar dado por una mayor concentración pesquera o por las limitaciones de la data disponible.
The present study corresponds to the analysis of the bycatch from the polyvalent industrial fishing of red shrimp (Penaeus brevirostris) and brown shrimp (Penaeus californiensis) during 2015-2016. Two zones were determined, the first zone (Z1) was delimited from the province of Esmeraldas to Manabí and the second (Z2) from Manabi to El Oro. The results showed a total of 150 caught species, of which, 94 were captured in Z1 and 148 in Z2. The shrimp / bycatch ratio for total catches in Z1 was 70-30, as in relation to the weight its ratio was 28-72 (Kg); while in Z2, the percentage of bycatch caught was greater with a proportion 53-47 in total catch and 28-72 in total weight. The inter-annual similarity in Z1 was low, as for Z2, the intra-annual similarity was 60%, although when analyzing seasonality their similarity was decreased to 50%. This suggests a homogeneous distribution of species, but seasonal variations in terms of abundance. The values of both total individuals captured and weight showed a similar tendency when comparing zones, but the highest values were presented in Z2; however, this may be due to a higher fishing concentration or the limitations of the available data.
The present study corresponds to the analysis of the bycatch from the polyvalent industrial fishing of red shrimp (Penaeus brevirostris) and brown shrimp (Penaeus californiensis) during 2015-2016. Two zones were determined, the first zone (Z1) was delimited from the province of Esmeraldas to Manabí and the second (Z2) from Manabi to El Oro. The results showed a total of 150 caught species, of which, 94 were captured in Z1 and 148 in Z2. The shrimp / bycatch ratio for total catches in Z1 was 70-30, as in relation to the weight its ratio was 28-72 (Kg); while in Z2, the percentage of bycatch caught was greater with a proportion 53-47 in total catch and 28-72 in total weight. The inter-annual similarity in Z1 was low, as for Z2, the intra-annual similarity was 60%, although when analyzing seasonality their similarity was decreased to 50%. This suggests a homogeneous distribution of species, but seasonal variations in terms of abundance. The values of both total individuals captured and weight showed a similar tendency when comparing zones, but the highest values were presented in Z2; however, this may be due to a higher fishing concentration or the limitations of the available data.
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PESCA POLIVALENTE, PESCA DE ARRASTRE, FAUNA ACOMPAÑANTE, DESCARTES