Propuesta de plan de manejo para la gestión de desechos sólidos generados en el mercado municipal del Cantón Echeandía.
Fecha
2018
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente proyecto propone diseñar un plan de manejo para la gestion de los desechos sólidos generados en el mercado municipal del Cantón Echeandía a fin de minimizar la contaminación ambiental y el daño a la salud de la población, mediante la aplicación de métodos de analisis cualitativo y cuantitativo mediante visitas técnicas y levantamiento de información a través de encuestas, donde se determinaron los problemas de afectación, se pudo conocer su origen y manipulación desde la generación hasta la disposición final, se empleo la matriz de Leopol para la evaluación de impactos ambientales obteniendo un impacto compatible, mediante las encuestas se comprobó qué tipos de residuos son desechados directamente hacia los tanques sin contar con una disposición final adecuada, la caracterización de los residuos se las realizó mediante un pesaje, obteniendo la frecuencia relativa para restos de frutas y legumbres,restos de comida, papel, cartón, plástico, y vidrio. Los resultados con mayor porcentaje de residuos fueron restos de frutas y legumbres con el 40% y en menor cantidad vidrio con el 5%. El plan de manejo propone incorporar la NORMA INEN 2841, la cual establece la estandarización de colores para el almacenamiento temporal de desechos.
This project proposes to design a management plan for the management of solid waste generated in the municipal market of Canton Echeandía in order to minimize environmental pollution and damage to the health of the population, through the application of qualitative analysis methods and quantitative through technical visits and information gathering through surveys, where the problems of affectation were determined, its origin and manipulation could be known from generation to final disposal, the Leopol matrix was used for the evaluation of environmental impacts obtaining a compatible impact, through the surveys it was verified what types of waste are discarded directly to the tanks without having an adequate final disposal, the characterization of the waste was carried out by means of a weighing, obtaining the relative frequency for remains of fruits and vegetables, remains of food, paper, cardboard, plastic, and glass . The results with the highest percentage of residues were leftovers of fruits and vegetables with 40% and less glass with 5%. The management plan proposes to incorporate the INEN 2841 NORM, which establishes the standardization of colors for the temporary storage of waste.
This project proposes to design a management plan for the management of solid waste generated in the municipal market of Canton Echeandía in order to minimize environmental pollution and damage to the health of the population, through the application of qualitative analysis methods and quantitative through technical visits and information gathering through surveys, where the problems of affectation were determined, its origin and manipulation could be known from generation to final disposal, the Leopol matrix was used for the evaluation of environmental impacts obtaining a compatible impact, through the surveys it was verified what types of waste are discarded directly to the tanks without having an adequate final disposal, the characterization of the waste was carried out by means of a weighing, obtaining the relative frequency for remains of fruits and vegetables, remains of food, paper, cardboard, plastic, and glass . The results with the highest percentage of residues were leftovers of fruits and vegetables with 40% and less glass with 5%. The management plan proposes to incorporate the INEN 2841 NORM, which establishes the standardization of colors for the temporary storage of waste.
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DESECHOS SÓLIDOS, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, GESTIÓN, CARACTERIZACIÓN