Diagnóstico de mycobacterium bovis en bovinos faenados en el camal de Daule durante el mes de noviembre del año 2018
Fecha
2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil - Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad realizar el diagnóstico de Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) en bovinos faenados en el camal de Daule. M. bovis ocasiona la tuberculosis bovina en el animal y la tuberculosis zoonótica en los humanos, pertenece al grupo de micobacterias cuyas enfermedades son de curso crónico, las alteraciones que producen no siempre se detectan a la inspección en los centros de faenamiento cuando los animales llegan en estadíos tempranos de la enfermedad por lo que constituye un riesgo de transmisión zoonótica que afecta la salud pública. Su importancia es subestimada y el diagnóstico oportuno constituye la base para el sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de la enfermedad. El estudio consistió en tomar muestras de ganglios retrofaríngeos y mesentéricos en bovinos faenados en el matadero en estudio, que presentaron alteraciones en tamaño y/o color en la inspección post – mortem, para ser cultivadas en los medios de cultivo Lowenstein Jensen, Ogawa Kudoh y Stonebrink, se realizó baciloscopía utilizando tinción de Ziehl – Neelsen para determinar la presencia de bacilos ácido – alcohol resistente (BAAR) y, mediante técnicas moleculares (PCR y PCR – LAMP) diagnosticar Mycobacterium spp. y M. bovis respectivamente. El resultado obtenido fue, 43,5% positivo a BAAR aislado en los tres medios de cultivo, 9,7% positivo a Mycobacterium spp. aislado del medio de cultivo Stonebrink y ningún positivo a Mycobacterium bovis. No se encontró asociación estadística entre la presencia de Mycobacterium spp. y las variables sexo, categoría zootécnica y propósito. Se recomienda realizar estudios de diagnóstico molecular en muestras directas para validar la técnica PCR - LAMP como herramienta para los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica de la enfermedad.
The present investigation had as purpose to make the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) in cattle slaughtered in the slaughterhouse in Daule. M. bovis causes bovine tuberculosis in the animal and the tuberculosis zoonotic in humans, it belongs to the group of micobacterias whose illnesses are of chronic course, the alterations that they produce not always are detected to the examination in the centers of faenamiento when the animals come in estadíos early from the illness for what it constitutes a transmission risk zoonótica that affects the public health. Its importance is underestimated and the timely diagnosis constitutes the basis for the system of epidemiological surveillance of the disease. The study consisted of taking ganglions samples retrofaríngeos and mesentéricos in bovine slaughtered in the slaughterhouse in study, that presented alterations in size and/or color in the post – mortem inspection, to be cultivated in the means of cultivation Lowenstein Jensen, Ogawa Kudoh and Stonebrink, it was realized baciloscopía using coloring of Ziehl – Neelsen to determine the presence of acidic bacillus - resistant alcohol (BAAR) and, by means of molecular skills (PCR and PCR – LAMP) to diagnose Mycobacterium spp. and M. bovis respectively. The result obtained was 43.5% positive to BAAR isolated in the three culture media, 9.7% positive to Mycobacterium spp. isolated from the culture medium Stonebrink and no positive to Mycobacterium bovis. No statistical association was found between the presence of Mycobacterium spp. and the variables sex, category zootechnical and purpose. It is recommended to carry out molecular diagnostic studies in direct samples to validate the PCR-LAMP technique as a tool for the epidemiological surveillance systems of the disease.
The present investigation had as purpose to make the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) in cattle slaughtered in the slaughterhouse in Daule. M. bovis causes bovine tuberculosis in the animal and the tuberculosis zoonotic in humans, it belongs to the group of micobacterias whose illnesses are of chronic course, the alterations that they produce not always are detected to the examination in the centers of faenamiento when the animals come in estadíos early from the illness for what it constitutes a transmission risk zoonótica that affects the public health. Its importance is underestimated and the timely diagnosis constitutes the basis for the system of epidemiological surveillance of the disease. The study consisted of taking ganglions samples retrofaríngeos and mesentéricos in bovine slaughtered in the slaughterhouse in study, that presented alterations in size and/or color in the post – mortem inspection, to be cultivated in the means of cultivation Lowenstein Jensen, Ogawa Kudoh and Stonebrink, it was realized baciloscopía using coloring of Ziehl – Neelsen to determine the presence of acidic bacillus - resistant alcohol (BAAR) and, by means of molecular skills (PCR and PCR – LAMP) to diagnose Mycobacterium spp. and M. bovis respectively. The result obtained was 43.5% positive to BAAR isolated in the three culture media, 9.7% positive to Mycobacterium spp. isolated from the culture medium Stonebrink and no positive to Mycobacterium bovis. No statistical association was found between the presence of Mycobacterium spp. and the variables sex, category zootechnical and purpose. It is recommended to carry out molecular diagnostic studies in direct samples to validate the PCR-LAMP technique as a tool for the epidemiological surveillance systems of the disease.
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TUBERCULOSIS, BACILOS ÁCIDO, ALCOHOL RESISTENTE, MYCOBACTERIUM SPP