Adsorción de plomo en agua utilizando el exoesqueleto de camarón
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2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La contaminación por plomo en el agua es un problema preocupante en la actualidad que se ha incrementado logarítmicamente, la cantidad de plomo en el ambiente ha aumentado más de 1000 veces en los últimos 3 siglos, lo que perjudica la salud del ecosistema incluyendo los organismos vivos, alterando el equilibrio ecológico. Es por esta razón que se plantea este estudio, cuyo principal objetivo es el de remover de manera eficaz el plomo contenido en el agua utilizando el exoesqueleto del camarón, el cual las industrias camaroneras desechan sin aprovechar sus propiedades. Para esto se realizó un experimento en el cual se prepararon 2 soluciones acuosas de plomo: 0,5 y 1 ppm con una solución estándar de plomo (1000 ppm), a pH 5, para luego adicionar 1 gramo de exoesqueleto de camarón triturado en 500 ml de agua contaminada durante 3 intervalos de tiempo: 30, 60 y 120 minutos, para probar la eficiencia de adsorción del exoesqueleto sobre el plomo. El resultado obtenido fue de 85% de adsorción para la concentración de 0.5 ppm, mientras que a 1 ppm se redujo a > 0.035 ppm ≈ ND, el cual da 100% de adsorción, el tiempo optimo fue de 30 minutos, por lo que se concluye que este método proporciona una alternativa eficaz, menos costosa y ambientalmente responsable en comparación a otros métodos de adsorción utilizando biopolímeros (quitina, quitosano) ya que, requieren de técnicas costosas y el uso de ciertos reactivos contaminantes.
Pollution by lead in water is a worrying problem nowadays that has been increasing logarithmically, the lead amount in the environment has increased in the last 3 centuries, which affects ecosystem health including living organisms, disturbing the ecological balance, this is the purpose of this research, whose main objective is to efficiently remove the lead contained in the water using the shrimp exoskeleton which the shrimp industries throw away without taking advantage of the properties. So, the experiment was based on prepare 2 lead aqueous solutions: 0.5 y 1 ppm, with a lead standard solution (1000 ppm) at pH 5, to then adding 1 gram of crushed exoskeleton shrimp in 500 ml of contaminated water for 3-time intervals: 30, 60 y 120 minutes to test the exoskeleton adsorption efficiency on lead. The results The results was 0.06 ppm giving 85% adsorption for the 0.5 ppm concentration, while at 1 ppm it was reduced to > 0.035 ppm ≈ ND, which means 100% of adsorption, the optimal time was 30 minutes, so it is concluded that this method provides an effective alternative, less expensive and environmentally responsible compared to other adsorption methods using biopolymers (chitin, chitosan) since, they require expensive techniques and the use of certain contaminating reagents.
Pollution by lead in water is a worrying problem nowadays that has been increasing logarithmically, the lead amount in the environment has increased in the last 3 centuries, which affects ecosystem health including living organisms, disturbing the ecological balance, this is the purpose of this research, whose main objective is to efficiently remove the lead contained in the water using the shrimp exoskeleton which the shrimp industries throw away without taking advantage of the properties. So, the experiment was based on prepare 2 lead aqueous solutions: 0.5 y 1 ppm, with a lead standard solution (1000 ppm) at pH 5, to then adding 1 gram of crushed exoskeleton shrimp in 500 ml of contaminated water for 3-time intervals: 30, 60 y 120 minutes to test the exoskeleton adsorption efficiency on lead. The results The results was 0.06 ppm giving 85% adsorption for the 0.5 ppm concentration, while at 1 ppm it was reduced to > 0.035 ppm ≈ ND, which means 100% of adsorption, the optimal time was 30 minutes, so it is concluded that this method provides an effective alternative, less expensive and environmentally responsible compared to other adsorption methods using biopolymers (chitin, chitosan) since, they require expensive techniques and the use of certain contaminating reagents.
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EXOESQUELETO DE CAMARÓN, ADSORCIÓN, PLOMO, AGUAS CONTAMINADAS