Análisis de la comunidad de copépodos epipelágicos en el mar ecuatoriano
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio corresponde al análisis de la comunidad de copépodos epipelágicos en la costa ecuatoriana entre julio del 2017 y abril del 2018. Se determinaron dos zonas, la primera zona (Z1) se ubicó desde la provincia de Esmeraldas hasta el norte de Manabí; mientras que, la segunda zona (Z2) de Manabí al norte de Santa Elena. Se tomaron 14 muestras mediante arrastres verticales a 50 m de profundidad. Se identificó un total de 95 especies, comprendidas en tres órdenes; el orden Calanoida fue el más abundante (64,2 %), seguido de Cyclopoida (35,6 %) y Harpacticoida (0,3 %), donde Oncaea venusta fue la especie más representativa. A nivel espacial, la densidad no presentó diferencias significativas, lo que significa que la comunidad de copépodos es homogénea; sin embargo, hubo diferencias a nivel mensual. El mayor pico de densidad se registró en abril (5036 ± 990 ind.m-3). La diversidad fue similar en ambas zonas, con un máximo de 3,76 bits.ind en la Z2. Las variables ambientales mostraron diferencias significativas, sugiriendo la influencia de diferentes masas de agua en cada zona. Además, la temperatura y la salinidad mostraron una fuerte influencia en Z2. La presencia de especies específicas como Oithona rigida puede considerarse como un indicador de masas de agua de alta temperatura y alta salinidad. Las interacciones entre los aportes continentales, corrientes como la de Humboldt, caracterizada por el agua fría y la corriente de Panamá por aguas cálidas influyen en la densidad de los copépodos epipelágicos.
The present study analyzed the epipelagic copepod community in the ecuadorian coast between July 2017 and April 2018. Two zones were determined, the first zone (Z1) was located from the province of Esmeraldas to the north of Manabí, while the second zone (Z2) from Manabí to the North of Santa Elena. Samples were taken at 14 stations by vertical trawls at 50 m depth. A total of 95 species were identified comprised in three orders; the order Calanoida was the most abundant (64.2%), followed by Cyclopoida (35.6%) and Harpacticoida (0.3%), where Oncaea venusta was the most abundant species. At spatial level, the density did not present significant differences, which means that the copepod community is homogeneous; however, there were differences on a monthly basis. The highest average density peak was recorded in April (5036 ± 990 ind.m-3). Diversity was similar in both zones, with a maximum of 3.76 bits.ind in Z2. The environmental variables showed significant differences, suggesting the influence of different water masses in each zone. Additionally, temperature and salinity showed a strong influence at density level in Z2. The presence of specific species such as Oithona rigida can be considered as an indicator of high temperature and high salinity waters. The interactions between continental inputs, currents such as Humboldt, characterized by cold water and Panama current by warm waters influence the density of epipelagic copepods.
The present study analyzed the epipelagic copepod community in the ecuadorian coast between July 2017 and April 2018. Two zones were determined, the first zone (Z1) was located from the province of Esmeraldas to the north of Manabí, while the second zone (Z2) from Manabí to the North of Santa Elena. Samples were taken at 14 stations by vertical trawls at 50 m depth. A total of 95 species were identified comprised in three orders; the order Calanoida was the most abundant (64.2%), followed by Cyclopoida (35.6%) and Harpacticoida (0.3%), where Oncaea venusta was the most abundant species. At spatial level, the density did not present significant differences, which means that the copepod community is homogeneous; however, there were differences on a monthly basis. The highest average density peak was recorded in April (5036 ± 990 ind.m-3). Diversity was similar in both zones, with a maximum of 3.76 bits.ind in Z2. The environmental variables showed significant differences, suggesting the influence of different water masses in each zone. Additionally, temperature and salinity showed a strong influence at density level in Z2. The presence of specific species such as Oithona rigida can be considered as an indicator of high temperature and high salinity waters. The interactions between continental inputs, currents such as Humboldt, characterized by cold water and Panama current by warm waters influence the density of epipelagic copepods.
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COPÉPODOS, EPIPELÁGICOS, COMUNIDAD, ONCAEA VENUSTA, CORRIENTE DE HUMBOLDT