Diseño de un sistema de compostaje a partir de los residuos sólidos orgánicos del mercado central municipal del cantón Montalvo, provincia de Los Ríos
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
En Ecuador el manejo de los residuos sólidos es un problema que afecta a
toda la población, debido a impactos ambientales negativos que estos
generan. Este trabajo de investigación abordó la gestión y manejo de los
residuos sólidos del mercado central municipal del cantón Montalvo, provincia
de Los Ríos. El primer paso se enfocó en conocer el estado actual del
servicio municipal de aseo y recolección de residuos sólidos del cantón,
consecutivamente se caracterizaron los residuos sólidos comerciales durante
4 veces a la semana por 4 semanas, determinando la cantidad promedio de
residuos generados por los mayoristas del mercado; la información
recolectada permitió explicar la situación actual del manejo que tiene el
cantón con respecto al área de estudio. Producto del análisis se determinó la
deficiencia en el manejo de los residuos sólidos, por lo cual se presenta una
alternativa para recolectar y reutilizar los residuos sólidos orgánicos a través
de un diseño de un sistema de compostaje, el mismo que permitirá
aprovechar la materia orgánica en la elaboración del compost, y así mitigar
los impactos ambientales negativos significativos asociados a la generación
de residuos sólidos municipales.
In Ecuador, the management of solid waste is a problem that affects all communities, to the negative environmental impacts that these generate. This research work approached the management of solid waste from the municipal central market of the Montalvo canton, Los Ríos province. The first step was focused on knowing the current status of the municipal solid waste collection and collection service of the canton, consecutively commercial solid waste was characterized 4 times a week for 4 weeks, determining the average amount of waste generated by wholesalers from the market; the information collected allowed explaining the prevalent management situation that the canton has related to the study area. Product of the analysis the current deficiency in solid waste management was determinated, because of that an alternative to collect and reuse organic solid waste is presented with a design of a composting system, which will allow to take advantage of organic material in the elaboration of the compost, and this mitigate the significant negative environmental impacts associated with the generation of municipal solid waste.
In Ecuador, the management of solid waste is a problem that affects all communities, to the negative environmental impacts that these generate. This research work approached the management of solid waste from the municipal central market of the Montalvo canton, Los Ríos province. The first step was focused on knowing the current status of the municipal solid waste collection and collection service of the canton, consecutively commercial solid waste was characterized 4 times a week for 4 weeks, determining the average amount of waste generated by wholesalers from the market; the information collected allowed explaining the prevalent management situation that the canton has related to the study area. Product of the analysis the current deficiency in solid waste management was determinated, because of that an alternative to collect and reuse organic solid waste is presented with a design of a composting system, which will allow to take advantage of organic material in the elaboration of the compost, and this mitigate the significant negative environmental impacts associated with the generation of municipal solid waste.
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Palabras clave
RESIDUOS, COMPOSTAJE, MATERIA ORGÁNICA, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL