Actividad antibacteriana y antioxidante de los extractos de Hibiscus escobariae Fryxell, Loxopterygium huasango R. Spruce y Croton ferrugineus Kunth
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
En el presente estudio, se realizó el tamizaje fitoquímico, cuantificación de flavonoides y fenoles totales, la evaluación de la actividad antibacteriana contra tres bacterias Gram Positivas (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes) y tres Gram negativas (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus) y la evaluación de la actividad antioxidante de los extractos etanólicos obtenidos de hojas de Hibiscus escobariae, Loxopterygium huasango y Croton ferrugineus. Para el análisis de las muestras se realizó el tamizaje fitoquímico por el método de Domínguez, la cuantificación de flavonoides por el método colorimétrico cloruro de aluminio, la cuantificación de fenoles totales por el método Folin-Ciocalteu, actividad antibacteriana por ensayos de difusión por disco y actividad antioxidante mediante la técnica 2,2-Difenil-1-Picrilhidrazilo (DPPH). En el tamizaje fitoquímico los flavonoides y taninos presentaron mayores contenidos, mientras que los alcaloides, quinonas, antraquinonas, esteroides y saponinas estuvieron presentes en menor proporción. El contenido de flavonoides varió de 100,95 ± 1,73 a 995,42 ± 3,16 mg CE / g extracto en H. escobariae y L. huasango y el contenido de fenoles varió de 10,17 ± 0,22 a 314,72 ± 1,91 mg GAE/ g extracto en Croton ferrugineus y L. huasango el cual también obtuvo la mejor actividad antibacteriana frente a las cepas evaluadas con CMI que varían de 2.5 a 5 mg/mL y la mejor actividad antioxidante con IC50 de 0,1 mg/mL y de 0,7 mg/mL para C. ferrugineus con una diferencia significativa p<0.05. Estos resultados son los primeros reportados los que servirán como línea base para estudios posteriores.
This study has done phytochemical screening, quantification of flavonoids and total phenols, evaluation of antibacterial activity against three Gram positive bacterias (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes), three Gram negatives (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and the evaluation antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus escobariae, Loxopterygium huasango and Croton ferrugineus. The sample analysis employed phytochemical screening by Dominguez’s method, quantification of flavonoids by the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, quantification of total phenols by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, antibacterial activity by disk diffusion assay and antioxidant activity by DPPH method. In the phytochemical screening, the flavonoids and tannins were higher proportion, while alkaloids, quinones, anthraquinones, steroids and saponins were present in lower proportion. The flavonoid content varied in a range of 100.95 ± 1.73 and 995.42 ± 3.16 mg CE / g extract, in H. escobariae and L. huasango and the total phenol content varied in a range of 10.17 ± 0.22 a 314.72 ± 1.91 mg GAE/ g extract in C. ferrugineus and L. huasango, which also obtained the best antibacterial activity against all the strains evaluated with MIC that varied of 2.5 - 5 mg/mL and also obtained the best antioxidant activity with a IC50 of 0.1 mg/mL and 0.7 mg/mL for Croton ferrugineus with a significant difference p<0.05. These results are the first reported and will serve as a baseline for further studies.
This study has done phytochemical screening, quantification of flavonoids and total phenols, evaluation of antibacterial activity against three Gram positive bacterias (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes), three Gram negatives (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and the evaluation antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus escobariae, Loxopterygium huasango and Croton ferrugineus. The sample analysis employed phytochemical screening by Dominguez’s method, quantification of flavonoids by the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, quantification of total phenols by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, antibacterial activity by disk diffusion assay and antioxidant activity by DPPH method. In the phytochemical screening, the flavonoids and tannins were higher proportion, while alkaloids, quinones, anthraquinones, steroids and saponins were present in lower proportion. The flavonoid content varied in a range of 100.95 ± 1.73 and 995.42 ± 3.16 mg CE / g extract, in H. escobariae and L. huasango and the total phenol content varied in a range of 10.17 ± 0.22 a 314.72 ± 1.91 mg GAE/ g extract in C. ferrugineus and L. huasango, which also obtained the best antibacterial activity against all the strains evaluated with MIC that varied of 2.5 - 5 mg/mL and also obtained the best antioxidant activity with a IC50 of 0.1 mg/mL and 0.7 mg/mL for Croton ferrugineus with a significant difference p<0.05. These results are the first reported and will serve as a baseline for further studies.
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ANTIBACTERIANO, ANTIOXIDANTE, CROTON FERRUGINEUS, FENOLES, HIBISCUS ESCOBARIAE, TAMIZAJE FITOQUÍMICO